[{"command":"add_css","data":"\u003Clink rel=\u0022stylesheet\u0022 media=\u0022all\u0022 href=\u0022\/sites\/default\/files\/css\/css_v52pnKvzGMwJsCsbQob1gLXKl-3n3S7iFQHISwvruAA.css\u0022 \/\u003E\n"},{"command":"openDialog","selector":"#drupal-modal","settings":null,"data":"\u003Ca href=\u0022\/laqm\/action-planning-resource\/3\u0022 class=\u0022flowchart-modal-link\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022\u003EOpen this content in a new window \u00bb\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Carticle data-history-node-id=\u0022425\u0022 role=\u0022article\u0022 about=\u0022\/laqm\/action-planning-resource\/3\u0022 class=\u0022node flowchart-parent flowchart-parent--modal\u0022\u003E\n  \n  \n\n      \n      \u003Cdiv class=\u0022flowchart-parent__field-flowchart-children\u0022\u003E\n              \u003Cdiv class=\u0022field__item\u0022\u003E  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022flowchart-content__section flowchart-content__section--colored paragraph paragraph--type--flowchart-children paragraph--view-mode--default\u0022\u003E\n          \n\n  \u003Ch3\u003ESource Apportionment\u003C\/h3\u003E\n\n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022flowchart-children__field-flowchart-child-body\u0022\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Source Apportionment represents one of the most important components in the development of an air quality action plan. The Source Apportionment should identify the principle sources of pollution contributing to the local air quality problem. An important initial separation, in most cases, include the consideration of:\u003C\/p\u003E\n\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003ERegional background - over which the authority has little influence; \u003C\/li\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003ELocal background - which the authority have some influence over; \u003C\/li\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003ELocal sources - which will add to the background to give rise to the hotspot area of exceedences. \u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003Cp\u003EGiven that the action plan should focus on the principal emission sources over which the authority has some influence, it is also important for the source apportionment to separate emission from the local sources into:\u003C\/p\u003E\n\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003EStationary sources (if relevant)\u003C\/li\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003EVehicle type e.g. split into cars, light goods vehicles, heavy goods vehicles, and heavy duty vehicles (buses and coaches)\u003C\/li\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003EVehicle emissions split between moving and stationary traffic in situations where congestion is a significant factor\u003C\/li\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003EOther relevant factors\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003Cp\u003EWhen undertaking a source apportionment exercise to inform the development of an air quality action plan authorities must show that they have calculated, in percentage terms, the extent to which different sources are responsible for any exceedences of the relevant air quality standard. This will allow consultees to form a view on whether the action plan is proportionate and properly targeted.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\n\u003Cp\u003EIf the authority identifies that a source out with it\u0027s control is primarily responsible for the observed exceedence of the air quality standard(s) (e.g. air traffic emissions), it should not seek to implement disproportionate emissions reductions from other sources in pursuit of the objectives. Instead the authority should note that it has done all it reasonably can to bring about proportionate reductions in emissions from the sources over which it has some control.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\n\u003Cp\u003ELocal authorities should utilise their local knowledge and exercise their judgment to help identify significant factors related to local emission sources. The preferred approach to apportionment of local sources is to use dispersion modelling. Where a detailed modelling approach is not feasible, source apportionment may be undertaken using a simple spreadsheet approach.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\n\u003Cp\u003EThe Emission Factor Toolkit EFT can be used, the most up-to-date version of  the spreadsheet can be downloaded from the \u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.scottishairquality.co.uk\/laqm\/tools\u0022\u003ELAQM Tools page\u003C\/a\u003E.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\n\u003Cp\u003EA short video on how to use  the EFT tool can be viewed below. \u003Ciframe width=\u0022560\u0022 height=\u0022315\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Yo5z5hxlwiQ\u0022 frameborder=\u00220\u0022 allowfullscreen=\u0022\u0022\u003E\u003C\/iframe\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\n\n\u003Cp\u003EA second tutorial on source  apportionment using the tool can be viewed below. \u003Ciframe width=\u0022560\u0022 height=\u0022315\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/2do7CnMrzFU\u0022 frameborder=\u00220\u0022 allowfullscreen=\u0022\u0022\u003E\u003C\/iframe\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\n\n\u003Cp\u003EFurther details on how to undertake a source apportionment study are provided in Chapter 7 of LAQM.TG(16) and some good examples of source apportionment studies can be found in existing action plans which are available:\u003C\/p\u003E\n\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.scottishairquality.co.uk\/assets\/documents\/reports\/Fife_Council_Appin_Crescent_AQAP_2013.pdf\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022\u003EFife 2013 Action Plan\u003C\/a\u003E (PDF)\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003Cli\u003E\u003Ca href=\u0022http:\/\/www.scottishairquality.co.uk\/assets\/documents\/reports\/378120831_Dundee_City_Council_AQAP_2011.pdf\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022\u003EDundee 2011 Action Plan\u003C\/a\u003E (PDF)\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n              \u003Cdiv class=\u0022field__item\u0022\u003E  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022flowchart-content__section flowchart-content__section--colored paragraph paragraph--type--flowchart-children paragraph--view-mode--default\u0022\u003E\n          \n\n  \u003Ch3\u003EDetermination of reduction in emissions required to attain air quality standard(s)\u003C\/h3\u003E\n\n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022flowchart-children__field-flowchart-child-body\u0022\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThe authority must also calculate the reduction in emissions required to achieve the air quality standard(s) of concern, as this will enable the authority to consider whether the measures proposed to achieve these reductions are proportionate and cost effective.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\n\u003Cp\u003EIn theory, this stage involves a simple calculation that can be derived from the Council\u0027s Detailed Assessment Report which led to the AQMA declaration, and which involves the comparison of the objective with the maximum predicted pollutant concentration.\u003C\/p\u003E\n \n\u003Cp\u003EFor NO\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C\/sub\u003E close to roads, the required reduction should be stated as the \u03bcg m\u003Csup\u003E-3\u003C\/sup\u003E reduction in the NO\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C\/sub\u003E concentration required to attain the objective. However, the required percentage reductions of local emissions should be expressed in NO\u003Csub\u003Ex\u003C\/sub\u003E. This approach is necessary as the primary emission is of NO\u003Csub\u003Ex\u003C\/sub\u003E and there is a non-linear relationship between (NO\u003Csub\u003Ex\u003C\/sub\u003E) and (NO\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C\/sub\u003E).\u003C\/p\u003E\n\n\u003Cp\u003ECalculation of the NO\u003Csub\u003Ex\u003C\/sub\u003E reduction requires the calculation of the current (road NO\u003Csub\u003Ex\u003C\/sub\u003E), as in the difference between total NO\u003Csub\u003Ex\u003C\/sub\u003E and the (local background NO\u003Csub\u003Ex\u003C\/sub\u003E).  An Introduction to using the NO\u003Csub\u003Ex\u003C\/sub\u003E to NO\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C\/sub\u003E Calculator video provides guidance on this and can be viewed below. \u003Ciframe width=\u0022560\u0022 height=\u0022315\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/K8ntT1Q-UQI\u0022 frameborder=\u00220\u0022 allowfullscreen=\u0022\u0022\u003E\u003C\/iframe\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\n\n\u003Cp\u003EThe next step is to calculate the (road NO\u003Csub\u003Ex\u003C\/sub\u003E) required to give 40 \u03bcg m\u003Csup\u003E-3\u003C\/sup\u003E (road NO\u003Csub\u003Ex\u003C\/sub\u003E-required) which can be achieved using the NO\u003Csub\u003E2\u003C\/sub\u003E from NOx calculator available on the \u003Ca href=\u0022..\/laqm\/tools\u0022\u003ELAQM tools\u003C\/a\u003E page. A short video on how to use the NO2 distance from road calculator can be viewed below. \u003Ciframe width=\u0022560\u0022 height=\u0022315\u0022 src=\u0022https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Cn4pkUW3UTc\u0022 frameborder=\u00220\u0022 allowfullscreen=\u0022\u0022\u003E\u003C\/iframe\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\n \n\u003Cp\u003EFurther guidance regarding the calculation of the reductions in emission needed to attain the objective are available in Section 7.34 of LAQM.TG(16).\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n              \u003Cdiv class=\u0022field__item\u0022\u003E  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022flowchart-content__section flowchart-content__section--colored paragraph paragraph--type--flowchart-children paragraph--view-mode--default\u0022\u003E\n          \n\n  \u003Ch3\u003EBy what date will the objectives be met?\u003C\/h3\u003E\n\n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022flowchart-children__field-flowchart-child-body\u0022\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EWithin the action plan, local authorities are also expected to provide an indication of when they anticipate the Air Quality Objectives to be met. This can be approached by modelling for future years or by following the guidance provided in Paragraphs 7.70 - 7.76 of LAQM.TG(16). However, in recent years, it has been generally accepted that this is a challenging ask and is informed by many assumptions.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n          \u003C\/div\u003E\n  \n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022flowchart-parent__body\u0022\u003E\u003Cp\u003EFollowing the declaration of an AQMA the responsible authority is required to develop an air quality action plan outlining the measures that it and relevant stakeholders propose to undertake to help improve air quality within the AQMA and work towards the attainment of the Air Quality Objectives.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\n\u003Cp\u003EIn order to do this effectively, the authority requires to get a better understanding of the air quality issues within the AQMA and where possible, determine:\u003C\/p\u003E\n\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003EHow much of an improvement in air quality would be needed to achieve the air quality objectives within the AQMA\u003C\/li\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003EIdentify the key sources of air quality pollution within the AQMA (source apportionment) so that the air quality action plans can be appropriately targeted\u003C\/li\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003ETo undertake any additional air quality monitoring or modelling required to substantiate the declaration of the AQMA. \u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003Cp\u003EPrior to 2014, such work was undertaken in \u0027Further Assessment Reports\u0027. Local authorities are no longer required to prepare a Further Assessment Report, however, authorities developing an air quality action plan are still expected to undertake the work outlined above as part of this process as this is crucial in informing the development of a targeted air quality action plan.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \n  \u003C\/article\u003E\n","dialogOptions":{"dialogClass":"flowchart-modal-popup","width":"50%","modal":true,"title":"Get a better understanding of the problem"}}]