[{"command":"add_css","data":"\u003Clink rel=\u0022stylesheet\u0022 media=\u0022all\u0022 href=\u0022\/sites\/default\/files\/css\/css_v52pnKvzGMwJsCsbQob1gLXKl-3n3S7iFQHISwvruAA.css\u0022 \/\u003E\n"},{"command":"openDialog","selector":"#drupal-modal","settings":null,"data":"\u003Ca href=\u0022\/laqm\/action-planning-resource\/7\u0022 class=\u0022flowchart-modal-link\u0022 target=\u0022_blank\u0022\u003EOpen this content in a new window \u00bb\u003C\/a\u003E\u003Carticle data-history-node-id=\u0022429\u0022 role=\u0022article\u0022 about=\u0022\/laqm\/action-planning-resource\/7\u0022 class=\u0022node flowchart-parent flowchart-parent--modal\u0022\u003E\n  \n  \n\n      \n      \u003Cdiv class=\u0022flowchart-parent__field-flowchart-children\u0022\u003E\n              \u003Cdiv class=\u0022field__item\u0022\u003E  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022flowchart-content__section flowchart-content__section--colored paragraph paragraph--type--flowchart-children paragraph--view-mode--default\u0022\u003E\n          \n\n  \u003Ch3\u003EPotential Air Quality Impact\u003C\/h3\u003E\n\n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022flowchart-children__field-flowchart-child-body\u0022\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EThis is a key assessment in that the AQAP must focus on prioritising options that improve air quality most effectively. The assessment is complex in that the detailed assessment of any given option could normally be subject to a detailed scenario analysis study of its own, particularly where traffic management scenarios are being considered. However, this is not always possible, and in such circumstances a semi-quantitative assessment relying on a level of judgement can be adopted. The authority should utilise the data at its disposal and develop a transparent methodology that can be well documented and appropriate. An example of such a methodology adopted in several action plans is outlined below for reference:\u003C\/p\u003E\n\n\u003Col\u003E\u003Cli\u003EThe description of the option and the proposed change to be brought about by the option is used alongside the source apportionment analysis to define what proportion of road transport emissions would potentially be affected by the option.\u003C\/li\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003EA view is then expressed on how much of the traffic would actually be changed by the option.\u003C\/li\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003EThe proportion of emissions potentially affected by the option and the view on how far they could be changed by the option are combined to express a view on how much transport emissions may be reduced in the AQMA due to the option.\u003C\/li\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003EA view is then expressed on how significant this change in emissions would be in terms of making progress towards the air quality standard in the AQMA.\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003C\/ol\u003E\u003Cp\u003EFor the purpose of the AQ assessment the result of the realistic intervention has been assessed as having a potentially:\u003C\/p\u003E\n\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cb\u003EZero\u003C\/b\u003E local AQ benefit if the realistic intervention is 0% or worse;\u003C\/li\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003E\u003Cb\u003ESmall\u003C\/b\u003E local AQ benefit if the realistic intervention is 1%;\u003C\/li\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003E\u003Cb\u003EMedium\u003C\/b\u003E local AQ benefit if the realistic intervention is 2-5%;\u003C\/li\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003E\u003Cb\u003ELarge\u003C\/b\u003E local AQ benefit if the realistic intervention is \u0026gt;5%.\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n              \u003Cdiv class=\u0022field__item\u0022\u003E  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022flowchart-content__section flowchart-content__section--colored paragraph paragraph--type--flowchart-children paragraph--view-mode--default\u0022\u003E\n          \n\n  \u003Ch3\u003EConsideration of potential co-environmental benefits, risk factors and social impacts\u003C\/h3\u003E\n\n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022flowchart-children__field-flowchart-child-body\u0022\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn addition to considering the associated costs and potential air quality impacts, the action plan should also consider a number of other factors when evaluating proposed measures to help assess their feasibility and prioritisation within the overall plan. Unless detailed information is readily available, it is reasonable for these assessments to be qualitative in nature.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\n\u003Cp\u003EAs part of this, it is useful for the plan to assess the potential impact of proposed measures on other environmental parameters, such as greenhouse gas emissions and noise.\u003C\/p\u003E\n \n\u003Cp\u003EAny potential risks associated with the proposed measure should also be considered and summarised within the plan, such as:\u003C\/p\u003E\n \n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003EThe potential to relocate emissions from one area to another;\u003C\/li\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003EPlacing limits on the pace of development or significantly increasing the costs of development.\u003C\/li\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003EPotential social impacts - e.g. changes in road safety and accessibility.\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n              \u003Cdiv class=\u0022field__item\u0022\u003E  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022flowchart-content__section flowchart-content__section--colored paragraph paragraph--type--flowchart-children paragraph--view-mode--default\u0022\u003E\n          \n\n  \u003Ch3\u003EPotential Risk Factors\u003C\/h3\u003E\n\n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022flowchart-children__field-flowchart-child-body\u0022\u003E\u003Cp\u003EIn this assessment risk factors are highlighted. These may  be looked at more closely within a Strategic Environmental Assessment of any  measure implemented. At this stage it is simply highlighted whether or not it  is likely that the measure would:\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Col\u003E\u003Cli\u003ERelocate emissions and hence lead to worsening  air quality elsewhere\u003C\/li\u003E\n  \u003Cli\u003ERequire a change in land use\u003C\/li\u003E\n  \u003Cli\u003EPlace limits on pace of development, or increase  costs of development significantly.\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003C\/ol\u003E\u003Cp\u003EWithout detailed information on the true impacts of the  measures, these assessments rely on judgement.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n              \u003Cdiv class=\u0022field__item\u0022\u003E  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022flowchart-content__section flowchart-content__section--colored paragraph paragraph--type--flowchart-children paragraph--view-mode--default\u0022\u003E\n          \n\n  \u003Ch3\u003EFeasibility and Acceptability\u003C\/h3\u003E\n\n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022flowchart-children__field-flowchart-child-body\u0022\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EOnce each measure has been evaluated, each measure should be assessed for its feasibility and acceptability. It is at this point where it is particularly important to include representation from key stakeholders who are anticipated to have a significant role in the implementation of proposed measures. When assessing the feasibility of proposed measures it may be useful to consider things such as the availability of legislative powers to implement and enforce the proposed measure and the availability and sources of funding to support the implementation of the proposed measure. \u003C\/p\u003E\n\n\u003Cp\u003EIn relation to the acceptability, the steering group should make a preliminary judgement on how acceptable each option might be to stakeholders. When making such a judgement, the steering group may wish to consider if the action is to propose unacceptably intrusive changes in behaviour or large personal costs.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n              \u003Cdiv class=\u0022field__item\u0022\u003E  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022flowchart-content__section flowchart-content__section--colored paragraph paragraph--type--flowchart-children paragraph--view-mode--default\u0022\u003E\n          \n\n  \u003Ch3\u003EPotential Social Impacts\u003C\/h3\u003E\n\n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022flowchart-children__field-flowchart-child-body\u0022\u003E\u003Cp\u003EPotential social impacts are highlighted. These may need  to be examined more closely when developing the options further. At this stage it is simply highlighted  whether or not it is likely that the option would potentially:\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Col\u003E\u003Cli\u003EProvide health benefits in terms of lower  exposure to pollutants or increased mobility\u003C\/li\u003E\n  \u003Cli\u003EIncrease road safety\u003C\/li\u003E\n  \u003Cli\u003EImprove accessibility\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003C\/ol\u003E\u003Cp\u003EWithout detailed information on the true impacts of the  options these assessments rely on judgement. \u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n              \u003Cdiv class=\u0022field__item\u0022\u003E  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022flowchart-content__section flowchart-content__section--colored paragraph paragraph--type--flowchart-children paragraph--view-mode--default\u0022\u003E\n          \n\n  \u003Ch3\u003ETimescales for the implementation of proposed measures\u003C\/h3\u003E\n\n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022flowchart-children__field-flowchart-child-body\u0022\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EFollowing the evaluation of proposed measures, the steering group should outline and agree the feasible timescales for completion of each proposed measure. In many cases this consideration should look at planning and implementation phases of each measure, and to facilitate this the steering group may wish to prepare sub-measures below each measures so that the timescales for these can be clearly outlined within the draft action plan and facilitate progress during the implementation of the action plan.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n              \u003Cdiv class=\u0022field__item\u0022\u003E  \u003Cdiv class=\u0022flowchart-content__section flowchart-content__section--colored paragraph paragraph--type--flowchart-children paragraph--view-mode--default\u0022\u003E\n          \n\n  \u003Ch3\u003EImplementation costs and Cost-effectiveness\u003C\/h3\u003E\n\n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022flowchart-children__field-flowchart-child-body\u0022\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EIn order to help prioritise actions for implementation, it is necessary to consider the anticipated planning and implementation cost-effectiveness for each of the shortlisted measures. As part of this process the authority should consider the likely costs associated with the implementation of each option. As it may be difficult to obtain detailed and accurate costs associated with the implementation of some options, a matrix approach to evaluating the cost-effectiveness can be adopted within air quality action plans. An example of such an approach is outlined below:\u003C\/p\u003E\n\n\u003Ch4\u003EThe potential implementation costs of each option\u003C\/h4\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ECost neutral\u003C\/strong\u003E (measure already implemented through existing plans\/programmes)\u003C\/li\u003E\n  \u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ELow\u003C\/strong\u003E costs (up to \u00a320k )\u003C\/li\u003E\n  \u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMedium\u003C\/strong\u003E costs (up to \u00a360k )\u003C\/li\u003E\n  \u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EHigh \u003C\/strong\u003Ecosts       (up to \u00a3200k )\u003C\/li\u003E\n  \u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EVery       high\u003C\/strong\u003E costs (above \u00a3200k e.g. for new infrastructure)\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThe assessed costs should attempt to include  the costs to the authority and other stakeholders. These cost bandings may be  subject to revision depending on comments received from those consulted.\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003EFollowing this determination, the  effectiveness of each measure in improving air quality can then be compared  with the implementation costs in the following matrix to provide an estimate of  cost-effectiveness:\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Ctable\u003E\u003Cthead\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Cth\u003E\u003Cp align=\u0022center\u0022\u003E\n      \u003Cstrong\u003ECost\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/th\u003E\n    \u003Cth\u003E\u003Cp align=\u0022center\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EScore\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/th\u003E\n    \u003Cth\u003E\u003Cp align=\u0022center\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EZero\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/th\u003E\n    \u003Cth\u003E\u003Cp align=\u0022center\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ESmall\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/th\u003E\n    \u003Cth\u003E\u003Cp align=\u0022center\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMedium\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/th\u003E\n    \u003Cth\u003E\u003Cp align=\u0022center\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ELarge\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/th\u003E\n  \u003C\/tr\u003E\u003C\/thead\u003E\u003Ctbody\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd\u003E\u003Cp align=\u0022center\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EScore\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n    \u003Ctd\u003E\u003Cp\u003E\u00a0\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n    \u003Ctd\u003E\u003Cp align=\u0022center\u0022\u003E0\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n    \u003Ctd\u003E\u003Cp align=\u0022center\u0022\u003E1\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n    \u003Ctd\u003E\u003Cp align=\u0022center\u0022\u003E2\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n    \u003Ctd\u003E\u003Cp align=\u0022center\u0022\u003E3\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n  \u003C\/tr\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd\u003E\u003Cp align=\u0022center\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ENeutral\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n    \u003Ctd\u003E\u003Cp align=\u0022center\u0022\u003E5\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n    \u003Ctd\u003E\u003Cp align=\u0022center\u0022\u003E0\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n    \u003Ctd\u003E\u003Cp align=\u0022center\u0022\u003E5\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n    \u003Ctd\u003E\u003Cp align=\u0022center\u0022\u003E10\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n    \u003Ctd\u003E\u003Cp align=\u0022center\u0022\u003E15\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n  \u003C\/tr\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd\u003E\u003Cp align=\u0022center\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003ELow\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n    \u003Ctd\u003E\u003Cp align=\u0022center\u0022\u003E4\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n    \u003Ctd\u003E\u003Cp align=\u0022center\u0022\u003E0\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n    \u003Ctd\u003E\u003Cp align=\u0022center\u0022\u003E4\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n    \u003Ctd\u003E\u003Cp align=\u0022center\u0022\u003E8\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n    \u003Ctd\u003E\u003Cp align=\u0022center\u0022\u003E12\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n  \u003C\/tr\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd\u003E\u003Cp align=\u0022center\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EMedium\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n    \u003Ctd\u003E\u003Cp align=\u0022center\u0022\u003E3\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n    \u003Ctd\u003E\u003Cp align=\u0022center\u0022\u003E0\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n    \u003Ctd\u003E\u003Cp align=\u0022center\u0022\u003E3\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n    \u003Ctd\u003E\u003Cp align=\u0022center\u0022\u003E6\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n    \u003Ctd\u003E\u003Cp align=\u0022center\u0022\u003E9\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n  \u003C\/tr\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd\u003E\u003Cp align=\u0022center\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EHigh\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n    \u003Ctd\u003E\u003Cp align=\u0022center\u0022\u003E2\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n    \u003Ctd\u003E\u003Cp align=\u0022center\u0022\u003E0\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n    \u003Ctd\u003E\u003Cp align=\u0022center\u0022\u003E2\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n    \u003Ctd\u003E\u003Cp align=\u0022center\u0022\u003E4\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n    \u003Ctd\u003E\u003Cp align=\u0022center\u0022\u003E6\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n  \u003C\/tr\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd\u003E\u003Cp align=\u0022center\u0022\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003EVery High\u003C\/strong\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n    \u003Ctd\u003E\u003Cp align=\u0022center\u0022\u003E1\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n    \u003Ctd\u003E\u003Cp align=\u0022center\u0022\u003E0\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n    \u003Ctd\u003E\u003Cp align=\u0022center\u0022\u003E1\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n    \u003Ctd\u003E\u003Cp align=\u0022center\u0022\u003E2\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n    \u003Ctd\u003E\u003Cp align=\u0022center\u0022\u003E3\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/td\u003E\n  \u003C\/tr\u003E\u003C\/tbody\u003E\u003C\/table\u003E\u003Cp\u003EIn this table the assessed implementation  costs and potential air quality impacts have been given a weighted score. The  product of the weighted scores for each option is calculated. The results can  be interpreted as follows:\u003C\/p\u003E\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003EIf the       product is \u003Cstrong\u003Ehigh\u003C\/strong\u003E (10 or more) then the measure is more       cost-effective (significant impacts for the cost involved) and perhaps       favourably cost-effective;\u003C\/li\u003E\n  \u003Cli\u003EIf the       product is \u003Cstrong\u003Emedium\u003C\/strong\u003E (between 5-9) then the measure is in the \u003Cstrong\u003Emedium\u003C\/strong\u003E range of cost-effectiveness;\u003C\/li\u003E\n  \u003Cli\u003EIf the       product is \u003Cstrong\u003Elow\u003C\/strong\u003E (4 or less) then the measure is less cost-effective       (small impacts for the cost involved) and perhaps unacceptably poor in       cost-effectiveness terms.\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003Cp\u003EThis method only estimates the \u003Cstrong\u003Erelative\u003C\/strong\u003E cost-effectiveness of options rather than their \u003Cstrong\u003Eabsolute\u003C\/strong\u003E values. The  method is useful during discussions of the relative priority of different  options. The final cost-effectiveness value is sensitive to changes in the  assumptions of how effective a measure might be in reducing emissions and how  costly it is.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \n      \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n          \u003C\/div\u003E\n  \n            \u003Cdiv class=\u0022flowchart-parent__body\u0022\u003E\u003Cp\u003EFor each of the measures short-listed for further consideration in the draft plan, the steering group should consider the relevant authorities responsible for implementation, and the powers available to implement the given measures.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\n\u003Cp\u003EIn addition, each of the measures short-listed for inclusion within the draft action plan should be assessed against a wide range of criteria in order to evaluate their suitability for inclusion within the plan and enable suitable measures to be prioritised. Examples of criteria against which options should be assessed include:\u003C\/p\u003E\n\n\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003EPotential air quality impact\u003C\/li\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003EImplementation costs\u003C\/li\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003ECost-effectiveness\u003C\/li\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003EPotential co-environmental benefits, risk factors, social impacts and economic impacts\u003C\/li\u003E\n \u003Cli\u003EFeasibility and Acceptability\u003C\/li\u003E\n\u003C\/ul\u003E\u003C\/div\u003E\n      \n  \u003C\/article\u003E\n","dialogOptions":{"dialogClass":"flowchart-modal-popup","width":"50%","modal":true,"title":"Development and Evaluation of provisional list of measures"}}]